L16-Unit3-Lesson4-Giving_your_opinion_on_forms_of_art
Vocabulary（）
Expression（）
grammar（）
Listening（）
Final Task（）
Title：Giving your opinion on forms of art
一、Vocabulary（Traditional and modern art forms）
section1 提示时作出回应
Q1
Routines _____.
send your brain to a comfort zone 把你的大脑送进“舒适区”。
keep things fresh 让一切保持新鲜感。
keep your brain stimulated 让你的大脑持续受到刺激。
audio
: Creativity is important, not only for artists and writers, but also for people who work in professions such as business, architecture, science, engineering …
创造力很重要，它不仅属于艺术家和作家，也同样适用于从事商业、建筑、科学、工程等职业的人。
The world we live in today is driven by innovation.
And in order to have innovation, you need creativity.
Creativity is not something that only a lucky few are born with.
创造力并不是只有少数幸运的人才天生拥有的东西。
In fact, it can be developed.
事实上，创造力是可以被培养出来的。
Here are some ways you can inspire, refresh and enhance your creativity: Routines send your brain into a comfort zone.
以下是一些可以激发、刷新并提升你创造力的方法：要警惕——例行公事会把你的大脑送进舒适区。
When you do the same things every day – go to work the same way, eat the same food, read the same newspapers – your brain goes on autopilot and stops being stimulated by fresh perspectives.
word
entrepreneur /ˌɑːntrəprə’nɜːr/ n. 〈法〉企业家，主办人
autopilot /‘ɔːtoʊpaɪlət/ n. 自动驾驶仪
stimulated /‘stɪmjuleɪt/ vt. 刺激；激励
Routines /ruː’tiːn/ n. 例行公事；日常工作
not only … but also …：经典强调结构
enhance /ɪn’hæns/ v. 提高，
goes on autopilot：进入“自动驾驶模式”
Q2
_____ are used to create and visualize ideas.
Cartoons
Mind maps
Computers
audio
Try to keep things fresh. Do things differently. Take a different route to work.
尝试让一切保持新鲜。用不同的方式做事，比如换一条上班的路线。
The freshness will stimulate your mind, keeping it active, leading to more creativity.
这种新鲜感会刺激你的大脑，让它保持活跃，从而带来更多的创造力。
Creativity happens when the brain is stimulated.
当大脑受到刺激时，创造力就会产生。
A new environment is the most stimulating environment.
新的环境是最能刺激的环境。
think of babies
Everything around them is new. They are filled with curiosity, and they love to explore everything!
See the area around you as a tourist would see it.
You might see something new, and it might spark a new idea!
Mind maps are used to generate and visualize ideas.
思维导图被用来生成并可视化想法。
They are a brainstorming technique which helps to show connections between concepts, often leading to new, creative ideas.
Write a central concept on your paper.
在纸上写下一个中心概念。
Add branches, writing words which are related to the central concept.
添加分支，写下与中心概念相关的关键词。
Use lines, colors, arrows, branches or some other way of showing connections between the ideas generated on your mind map.
使用线条、颜色、箭头、分支或其他方式，来展示你在思维导图中生成的想法之间的联系
Write quickly, trying not to limit yourself.
Leave lots of space so you can come back later and add more ideas.
words
take a different route：改变日常路径（具体化举例）
leading to：从而导致
often leading to：常常带来……
Q3
Take care of your body, and your mind will stay _____.
the same
relaxed
sharp
audio
You’ll be surprised at how a mind map can move you towards that great idea.
你会惊讶地发现，思维导图竟然能一步步把你引向那个绝妙的想法。
Talk to people you wouldn’t normally talk to.
去和那些你平时不会交流的人聊一聊。
Expose yourself to new perspectives, to different points of view.
让自己接触新的视角和不同的观点。
Imagine how someone totally different from yourself would deal with a challenge.
设想一下，一个与你完全不同的人会如何应对同样的挑战。
Creativity arises from the differences of opinions and perspectives between people.
创造力源自人与人之间在观点和视角上的差异。
Get out there and mix with new people!
走出去，去和新的人打成一片吧！
Children see the world differently and often say the most surprising, creative things.
孩子们看世界的方式与众不同，常常会说出最令人惊讶、最富创造力的话。
Put yourself in that world. Spend time with children, or just do something you used to do when you were a kid.
让自己走进那个世界。多花时间和孩子们在一起，或者干点你小时候常做的事情。
Ride a bike, color with crayons, play on swings.
骑骑自行车，用蜡笔涂涂画画，荡荡秋千。
Find a way to bring out the child in you!
想办法唤醒你内心的那个孩子吧！
‘What if’ questions can take you on a creative, conceptual journey.
“如果……会怎样”的问题，可以带你踏上一段富有创造力的概念之旅。
Who knows what crazy ideas you might come up with … What if 12-year-olds could drive cars?
What if skateboards could fly?
如果滑板会飞呢？
What if toasters could make cheeseburgers? What if?
Did you know that Leonardo da Vinci always carried a notebook around with him?
你知道吗？列奥纳多·达·芬奇总是随身带着一本笔记本。
Writing something daily will exercise your brain and help develop its ability to produce new thoughts.
每天写点东西，可以锻炼你的大脑，并帮助它培养产生新想法的能力。
You might not find value in it immediately, but sometimes when you come back to your writing, you can be inspired to have new, fresh ideas.
你也许一开始看不出它的价值，但有时当你再回头看自己的文字时，反而会被激发出新的、新鲜的想法。
Incorporate new words into your writing, and not only will you learn something, but you’ll also avoid falling into that monotonous routine.
在写作中融入新词汇，你不仅能学到新东西，还能避免陷入那种单调重复的惯性。
Take care of your body, and your mind will stay sharp.
照顾好你的身体，你的头脑就会保持敏锐。
Exercise to keep the blood flowing to your brain.
通过运动来保持血液持续流向大脑。
Get enough sleep. Sometimes dreams bring creative results. Many creative thinkers have claimed to have come up with their best ideas because they were inspired by a dream!
保证充足的睡眠。有时候，梦境会带来创造性的成果。许多富有创造力的思想者都曾表示，他们最好的想法正是源于梦境的启发。
So get all the sleep you need. Creativity has helped us evolve into the society we are today.
所以，一定要睡够你所需要的觉。正是创造力，推动了人类演化，造就了我们今天所处的社会。
Strengthening your creative muscles is something that can help you in all aspects of your life.
强化你的“创造力肌肉”，能够在你生活的各个方面为你提供帮助。
Try these things, and see if you can get those creative juices flowing!
试试这些方法，看看能否让你的创造力真正流动起来吧！
You might have the next great idea that changes the world.
words
sharp /ʃɑːrp/ adj.敏锐的、清醒的、反应快的
move you towards：引导你逐步靠近
wouldn’t normally：平时不会……
Expose /ɪkˈspoʊz/ vt.接触
someone totally different from yourself：一个与你完全不同的人
arise/əˈraɪz/ vi.发生；出现；(由…)引起；(因…)产生；
Get out there：走出去（打破封闭状态）
mix /mɪks/ v. 混合；融合；交往
Put yourself in that world：把自己放进那个世界（孩子的世界）
crayon /ˈkreɪən/ n.蜡笔；彩色铅笔(或粉笔)v.用彩色蜡笔[粉笔]画
swing/swɪŋ/ n.摆动；转动；秋千v.摆动
bring out：激发、唤醒（原本存在但被压抑的东西）
“What if” questions：“如果……会怎样”的假设性问题
skateboards /ˈskeɪtbɔːrd/n.滑板
skate /skeɪt/v. 滑冰；(通常指)溜冰；滑(滑板)
toaster/ˈtoʊstər/n.烤面包机；吐司炉；
Leonardo /liə’nɑdəʊ/n.利奥纳多；
Incorporate /ɪnˈkɔːrpəreɪt/vt.包含；合并；
corporate n.合伙公司adj.公司的；
monotonous /məˈnɑːtənəs/adj.单调的；单调乏味的
have claimed to have come up with：声称曾想出（现在完成时，经验总结）
evolve into /iˈvɑːlv/v.发展；进化；(使)逐渐形成；逐渐演变
involve /ɪnˈvɑːlv/vt.涉及；
strengthen /ˈstreŋθn/v.加强；增强；巩固
strengthening/ˈstreŋθnɪŋ/
creative juices flowing：创造力源源不断地涌现
section2 点击以匹配对
still-life painting /ˈstɪl laɪf ˈpeɪntɪŋ/
n. 静物画（以无生命物体为描绘对象的绘画体裁，still-life 派生自 still + life）
modern sculpture /ˈmɒdərn ˈskʌlptʃər/
n. 现代雕塑（强调20世纪以来的当代或现代主义雕塑风格）
stained-glass windows /ˌsteɪnd ˈɡlɑːs ˈwɪndəʊz/
n. 彩色玻璃窗（常见于教堂或历史建筑，由 stain“着色”派生）
tongue piercing /tʌŋ pɪəsɪŋ/
n. 舌钉 / 舌部穿孔（身体改造的一种，piercing 派生自动词 pierce“刺穿”）
tattoo /tæˈtuː/
n. 纹身（将颜料永久注入皮肤形成图案的身体艺术）
graffiti /ɡrəˈfiːti/
n. 涂鸦（公共或私人空间上的文字或图像，多与街头文化相关，源自意大利语 graffito）
word
still adj.静止的，不动的；
life n.生活；生物
sculpture/ˈskʌlptʃər/n.雕塑；雕像；v.雕刻
stain/steɪn/v.给…染色(或着色)
pierce /pɪrs/v.刺穿；
section3 录下这个短语
graffiti
stained-glass windows
modern sculpture
still-life painting
tongue piercing
二、Listening（Body art）
section1 点击项目并选择它们对应的数字
audio
[Mom]No. Absolutely not. Over my dead body. You are not getting a tattoo, young lady. I can understand someone getting their hands temporarily tattooed. Do you remember when we went to Dev’s wedding? How lovely his bride looked, all that mehndion her hands? But that’s part of their tradition, not ours. Or, you know, when your dad was in the army. He had to have his face painted, his camouflage. But that was in the war.
不行。绝对不行。除非我死了。你别想去纹身，小姑娘。我倒是能理解有些人临时在手上画点纹样。你还记得我们去参加 Dev 的婚礼吗？他的新娘多漂亮啊，手上全是曼迪彩绘。但那是他们的传统，不是我们的。再说了，你爸当年在军队里的时候，也得在脸上涂迷彩。可那是在打仗的时候。
[Daughter]But Mom, everyone in school’s got one. Even some of my teachers do.
可是妈妈，学校里几乎每个人都有纹身。连有些老师都有。
[Mom] And just how do you know that, dare I ask?
那我倒要问问了，你是怎么知道的？
Oh, some of them like to tell us stuff like that. They think it makes us like them more, or then they’re like, you know, one of us. Our math teacher is always, like, telling us about the tattoo he’s just had done, or the piercing. Sado.
哦，有些老师就爱跟我们说这些。他们觉得这样我们会更喜欢他们，或者显得他们“跟我们是一伙的”。我们数学老师就老是跟我们讲他刚纹了什么，或者又打了什么穿孔。
[Mom] Piercing? Oh my word. What is that school of yours coming to? In my day, teachers used to send us home if we were wearing the wrong color of pantyhose. And if we were caught wearing makeup, well, that was almost a hanging offense. Things have certainly gotten much more lax.
Sado。穿孔？老天爷啊。你们那学校到底变成什么样了？在我那个年代，老师要是发现我们穿错颜色的丝袜，都会把我们赶回家。要是被抓到化妆，那几乎跟犯了死罪一样。现在真是越来越松散了。
[Daughter] Yeah, yeah. Whatever. Anyway, so can I then? 好吧好吧，随你怎么说。那我到底能不能？
[Mom] Can you then what?你能不能什么？
[Daughter] Get a tattoo.
纹身。
[Mom] I thought I’d just made myself very clear about that. N-O. In case they don’t teach you this anymore at school, that’s called spelling. And those two letters put together mean you cannot get a tattoo.
我以为我已经说得非常清楚了。N—O。如果你们学校现在连这个都不教了，那我提醒你，这叫拼写。这两个字母放在一起的意思就是：你不能去纹身。
[Daughter] I K-N-O-W how to spell, thanks. Remember, I’ve been the school spelling bee champion four years on the run.
我当然知道怎么拼，谢谢你。别忘了，我可是连续四年学校拼字比赛冠军。
[Mom] Yes, well, that may be the case, but the answer’s still no. I think they’re hideous things. And what would you want anyway? The latest boy’s name, I suppose. I mean, what if you go off him?
好吧，就算是这样，答案还是不行。我觉得纹身丑得要命。你到底想纹什么？最新那个男朋友的名字吗？要是你哪天不喜欢他了呢？
[Daughter] Yeah, you’re right. I was thinking of getting I love my mom tattooed on my arm, but now I think I’ve gone right off you.
你说得对。本来我还想在手臂上纹一句“我爱我妈妈”，不过现在我已经完全对你倒胃口了。
[Mom] Now, how about you put the kettle on whilst I watch my favorite program on the TV? You know, the history of art from these French cave drawings up to modern sculpture and installations. Last week’s program was a bit boring. All about still life. Can’t see any point in painting a bunch of oranges in a bowl. But tonight’s all about the Impressionists. Monet, Cezanne. Then next week we jump to the Cubists and Picasso. Now that’s what I call art, my dear. Not your tattoos. You’ll probably like next week’s show, though.
好了，你去把水烧上吧，我要看我最喜欢的电视节目了。讲的是艺术史，从法国史前洞穴壁画一直讲到现代雕塑和装置艺术。上周那期有点无聊，全是静物画。真搞不懂画一碗橘子有什么意义。不过今晚讲的是印象派，莫奈、塞尚。下周就跳到立体派和毕加索了。那才叫艺术，亲爱的。不是你说的那些纹身。不过你可能会喜欢下周的节目。
[Daughter] Yeah? How come?
是吗？为什么？
[Mom] Well, it’s a tour of downtown San Francisco showing all the murals the street artists have painted on the sides of buildings. Some people call it graffiti, but I must admit they’re really rather beautiful, some of them. What a turn up for the books, that is.
节目会带大家逛旧金山市中心，看看街头艺术家在建筑外墙上画的那些大型壁画。有些人叫那是涂鸦，不过我得承认，其中有些真的挺漂亮的。真是让人大跌眼镜。
[Daughter]You’re full of surprises, Mom. You don’t like tattoos, but you love graffiti.
你可真让人意外，妈妈。你不喜欢纹身，却喜欢涂鸦。
[Mom] Well, you don’t surprise me, young lady. I’m parked here, still waiting for that cuppa.
你倒一点也没让我意外，小姑娘。我还站在这儿呢，茶水还没给我端来
analysis
Over my dead body：强烈否定的习语＝“除非我死了”
temporarily /ˈtɛmpəˌrɛrəlɪ/adv.暂时
temporarily tattooed 临时性纹样（区别于永久纹身）
bride /braɪd/n.新娘
mehndi：印度婚礼传统的手绘海娜
camouflage/ˈkæməflɑːʒ/vt.伪装；n.(军事上的)伪装
dare /der/v&modal.敢；胆敢；
dare I ask? 我能问一下吗？
Sado/ˈseɪdoʊ/n.萨多
pantyhose/ˈpæntihoʊz/n.（女人用）连裤袜；长筒袜裤
hanging offense绞刑罪
lax/læks/adj.松懈的；松弛的；不严格的；
relax v.放松；
on the run adj. 在逃；持续不断地、连续地
spelling bee /ˈspelɪŋ biː/ n. 拼字比赛；拼写竞赛（bee 在此指“竞赛/集会”，并非“蜜蜂”，为英语固定用法）
hideous /ˈhɪdiəs/adj.令人厌恶的；丑陋的
go off 失去对…的兴趣,对…不再喜欢,离开
kettle /ˈketl/n.水壶；
whilst /waɪlst/ conj. 当……的时候；与此同时（英式用法，相当于 while，在句中表示两个动作同时进行）
cave drawings洞穴壁画/ˈdrɔːɪŋ/n.绘画(艺术)；v.绘画；
bunch /bʌntʃ/n.束；串；大量；
bowl/boʊl/n.碗；
Cezanne/ˌsɛˈzæn/塞尚
Cubist/ˈkjuːbɪst/n.立体派画家adj.立体派的；立体主义的
though/ðoʊ/adv.(尤用于句末补充说明，使语气减弱)不过，可是，然而
cuppa/ˈkʌpə/n.一杯茶
tour /tʊr/n.旅游；参观；
murals /ˈmjʊrəl/n.壁画adj.墙壁的，墙的；画在或者挂在墙上的
What a turn up for the books!真是出人意料 / 真没想到 / 太反常了
turn up：意外出现、突然发生
the books：账本 / 记录（暗指“历史记录、常规认知”）
turn up+the books 合起来的隐含逻辑是：“这事儿完全不符合以往的记录 / 常规认知”
that is：典型英式尾缀。功能：加强语气 + 拉长节奏≈“真是活久见啊，这事儿。”
section2 选择正确的选项
录音同上
(1/3) The mother agrees to her daughter’s tattoo.
true
false
(2/3) The mother is unconcerned about her daughter’s school.
true
false
(3/3) The daughter is surprised her mother likes graffiti.
true
false
section3 选择正确的选项
录音同上
(1/5) “Over my dead body”
The mother is exaggerating to make her point.
The mother thinks body art can kill.
The mother will not allow her daughter to get a tattoo.
The daughter would kill to get her own way.
(2/5) “What’s that school of yours coming to?”
The mother thinks things have gone too far. 母亲认为事情已经发展得太过分了。
The mother is happy about the school’s policies.
The daughter doesn’t enjoy going to this school.
The mother is concerned about the school.
(3/5) “It was almost a hanging offense.”“那几乎是要被处以绞刑的重罪。”
To do this would get you into a lot of trouble.
The rules were very strict in the mother’s school.
The students enjoyed hanging out together.
The school was very easygoing about these things.
(4/5) “I’ve gone right off you.”“我已经彻底对你没好感了。”
The daughter is using humor to complain.女儿在用幽默/讽刺的方式表达不满。
The mother and daughter agree on this topic.
The daughter doesn’t agree with her mother’s decision.
The daughter wants to leave.
(5/5) “What a turn-up for the books that is! ” “ 这可真是出人意料啊！”
It was unexpected.
The daughter is upset.女儿很难过
The daughter is surprised.
The daughter has read about this kind of thing.女儿读过这类事情
word
kill v.使痛苦；导致死亡；
body art 纹身、身体艺术
exaggerating （夸张修辞）
easygoing /ˌizi’ɡoʊɪŋ/adj.随和的；轻松的
turn-up/ˈtɜːrn ʌp/n.奇异的事
his is a turn-up, isn’t it, Sherlock?真是出人意表，不是吗，夏洛克？
三、Expression（Expressing opinion）
section1 在继续之前，请确保阅读并了解以下材料
(1/4) Use expressions like these to add your opinion to a conversation.
Expressing opinions
Use expressions like these to add your opinion to a conversation.
使用像下面这样的表达方式，把你的观点加入到对话中。
That’s my honest opinion.
这就是我真实的看法。
For what it’s worth, the sculptures will probably be vandalized.
不管你怎么看，我觉得这些雕塑很可能会被人破坏。
If you want my two cents, public art is an expression of the public itself.
如果你想听听我的看法，公共艺术本身就是公众自我表达的一种形式。
总结
🔹 三个非常地道的「表达观点」口语框架，全部都是母语者高频使用、比 I think 更自然的表达。
- That’s my honest opinion.（直接表态）
- For what it’s worth, …（保留态度 + 提出看法）
- If you want my two cents, …（礼貌地插入个人观点）
words
vandalize/ˈvændəlaɪz/vt.破坏；故意破坏；
For what it’s worth习语； 字面是“不管它值多少”👉；实际语用：不一定重要，但我还是说一句
If you want my two cents 地道口语习语；； two cents = “如果你想要我的两分钱的意见”；含义：如果你想听听我的看法的话
(2/4) Use expressions like these to agree with someone else’s opinion.
使用像下面这样的表达方式，来表示你赞同别人的观点。
I was just thinking that myself.我刚才正好在这么想
I’m with you.我站你这边。
You have a point.你说得有道理。
Tell me about it. 字面意思：跟我讲讲；实际常见含义：我太懂了 / 我深有同感/可不是嘛。
使用前提：对方说的情况你也经历过，带有“共鸣、无奈、感同身受”的语气
总结
表示「赞同他人观点」的四个地道表达层级，全部都比 Yes, I agree 更母语、更自然。
I was just thinking that myself.（高度认同 + 呼应）
I’m with you.（直接站队式同意）
You have a point.（理性、克制的认同）
Tell me about it.（情绪共鸣式认同）
(3/4) Use expressions like these to disagree with someone else’s opinion.
That’s not always the case. 情况并不总是这样。/ 也不完全是这么回事。
Can’t see it, myself. 我个人不这么看。/ 我倒没看出来是这样。
Sorry, but I have to side with her on that.不好意思，但在这件事上我得站在她那一边。
Over my dead body. 想都别想。/ 除非我死了/ 绝对不可能。
Be careful; over my dead body can be taken as a threat.
words
the case：事实 / 情况
can’t see it：我看不出来 / 我不这么认为
side with：v.支持；偏袒；站在…一边；多方讨论中，明确表示你不站在说话人这一边
can be taken as：可能会被理解为
总结（表达强度分级）
不同意他人观点的「语气梯度」，越往下，冲突性越强，越不适合正式或陌生场合。
- That’s not always the case.（理性、克制）
- Can’t see it, myself.（主观、随意）
- I have to side with her on that.（明确站队）
- Over my dead body.（强烈情绪化反对 ⚠️慎用）
(4/4) Use expressions like these to end a heated discussion where people are becoming frustrated or upset.
使用下面这些表达方式，来结束一场人们开始感到沮丧或不快的激烈讨论。
Let’s just drop it, shall we? 要不我们就算了吧，好吗？/ 干脆别再讨论这个了，行不行？
Let’s agree to disagree.我们就各自保留不同意见吧。
Whatever you say.随你怎么说吧。/ 行行行，你说了算。
Be careful; whatever you say can convey annoyance or a patronizing attitude.
要注意，“whatever you say” 这句话可能会传达出生气或居高临下的态度。
words
patronize/ˈpeɪtrənaɪz/v. 光顾；资助；屈尊俯就地对待；摆出高人一等的派头；
patronizing/ˈpeɪtrənaɪzɪŋ/adj. 摆派头的；自认为高人一等的；自诩清高；居高临下
annoyance /əˈnɔɪəns/n.烦恼；恼怒；
convey /kənˈveɪ/vt. 传达；传送；输送；表达，传递(思想、感情等)；运送
heated /ˈhiːtɪd/adj.(用加热器)加热了的；激烈的；愤怒的；十分激动的
heat/hiːt/v.加热；变热；(使)变暖
a heated discussion：激烈的讨论 / 争论
where people are becoming：在……情况下，人们正在变得
frustrated：沮丧的、受挫的
drop it：把这事放下 / 不再继续
agree to disagree：固定搭配；承认分歧，停止争论
总结（结束争论的「安全度」对比）
结束激烈讨论的表达方式（由安全 → 危险）， 在正式、职场、考试或不熟的人面前，尽量避免第 3 种。
Let’s agree to disagree.（最安全、最理性）
Let’s just drop it, shall we?（缓和但仍带情绪）
Whatever you say.（⚠️ 极易被理解为不耐烦或讽刺）
section2 选择正确的选项
(1/8) Tell me about it.
(4/8) For what it’s worth, these sculptures also represent the town’s best-loved historical figures.
不管怎么说，这些雕塑同样也代表着这座小镇最受人爱戴的历史人物。
disagreeing
agreeing
ending the discussion
adding an opinion
(5/8) I just can’t see it
(6/8) over my dead body
(7/8) Let’s drop it
(8/8) that’s not always the case
words
best-loved/best lʌvd/最受欢迎的；最喜欢的
represent /ˌreprɪˈzent/v.代表，
section3 录下这个短语
(1/6) That’s my two cents.
(2/6) I’m with you.
(3/6) Tell me about it! Too many compromises.可不是嘛！妥协太多了。
(4/6) For what it’s worth, modern art is quite valuable.
(5/6) Over my dead body.
(6/6) Let’s agree to disagree.
words
compromise/ˈkɑːmprəmaɪz/n.&v.妥协
四、Final Task（Giving your opinion on forms of art）
根据录音原文，选择正确的答案
###(1/8)
###(2/8)
###(3/8)
###(4/8)
###(5/8)
###(6/8)
###(7/8)
###(8/8)